Effective mitigation of climate change requires a clear understanding of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and their sources, and regular monitoring of mitigation strategies and their impacts. The practice of “MRV,” which integrates three distinct, but related, processes of measurement or monitoring (M) , reporting (R) and verification (V), is fundamental in this regard. Monitoring refers to tracking of a parameter as part of a systematic review in order to observe and check its progress or quality over a period of time. The outcome of this monitoring would then be reported, and the reported information would be verified to ensure that it is of high enough quality for the purpose for which it will be used.

This project aimed to develop options for an integrated MRV framework and system for the energy sector and for the national MRV system, which over the long-term would cover all of the above types of MRV. The application of such a framework will benefit Vietnam both nationally and internationally. Vietnam has a (unilateral) commitment to reduce its national GHG emissions by 8% under its NDC, compared to business as usual developments by 2030. This target can increase up to 25% subject to international support. This target will translate to different sectoral targets (or sectoral contributions to the overall emission reductions. The MRV framework and system will enable tracking and management of GHG emissions from large emission sources and sectors, and the impacts of domestic mitigation actions, including the potential implementation of carbon pricing instruments (CPIs). It will also support international reporting of emissions in the national emissions inventory and the national communication to the UNFCCC, tracking progress against NDC targets and enabling such tracking in the context of results-based climate finance. The latter will also be helpful in building confidence amongst such financiers, which should help increase access to climate finance.

National and international consultant team have performed (1) The identification and management of large GHG emitters in Vietnam; (2) Recommendations for development and implementation of an MRV framework for the energy sector and DMS in Vietnam; (3) Building the IT infrastructure for DMS and MRV of Energy sector GHG emission; (4) Legal, policy and institutional framework for an Integrated MRV System; (5) A Roadmap for piloting an energy sector MRV framework and system.